👉 Light particles, often referred to as photons, are fundamental entities that make up electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, X-rays, and gamma rays. These particles are massless and exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties, a concept known as wave-particle duality. Photons are the quanta of light energy, meaning they carry discrete packets of energy proportional to their frequency, as described by Planck's equation \( E = h\nu \), where \( E \) is energy, \( h \) is Planck's constant, and \( \nu \) is the frequency of the light. Despite their lack of mass, photons travel at the speed of light in a vacuum, approximately \( 3 \times 10^8 \) meters per second, and interact with matter through various processes such as absorption, emission, and scattering. These interactions are crucial in phenomena ranging from photosynthesis to the operation of solar cells and optical communications.
